-
1 радиоприбор
-
2 радиоапаратура
wireless apparatuswireless apparatuses -
3 радиоаппаратура
1) Naval: radio aids2) Automobile industry: radio equipment3) Telecommunications: radio apparatus, wireless apparatus -
4 радиооборудование
1) Naval: radio outfit2) Military: radio facility3) Engineering: radio equipment, radio gear, wireless apparatus4) Railway term: radio aids, radio plant5) Astronautics: radio installation, wireless equipment -
5 apparecchio
m (pl -cchi) technology devicecivil aviation colloq planeper denti braceapparecchio fotografico cameracolloq portare l'apparecchio acustico wear a hearing aid* * *apparecchio s.m.1 apparatus*, set; ( congegno) device, appliance: (ferr.) apparecchio compensatore, compensating device; apparecchio di ascolto, listening apparatus; apparecchio di illuminazione, lighting apparatus; apparecchio fotografico, camera; (elettr.) apparecchio per alta frequenza, high-frequency apparatus; apparecchio radio, radio set (o wireless); apparecchio radiografico, radiographic apparatus; apparecchio ricevente, receiving set; apparecchio telefonico, telephone (apparatus); apparecchio telegrafico, telegraph set; apparecchio televisivo, television set; apparecchio trasmittente, sender // resti all'apparecchio!, hold the line! // apparecchio acustico, hearing aid; apparecchio per i denti, brace, (amer.) braces (pl.)2 ( aeroplano) aircraft*, machine, plane: apparecchio da bombardamento, bomber; apparecchio da combattimento, fighter; apparecchio da ricognizione, reconnaissance aircraft; apparecchio di linea, airliner.* * *1) (macchina, congegno) device2) (telefono)chi è all'apparecchio? — who is calling o speaking please?
3) colloq. (aereo) aircraft, aeroplane BE, airplane AE4) med. (per i denti) brace•* * *apparecchiopl. - chi /appa'rekkjo, ki/sostantivo m.1 (macchina, congegno) device4 med. (per i denti) braceapparecchio acustico hearing aid; apparecchio ortopedico surgical appliance; apparecchio radio radio set; apparecchio telefonico telephone; apparecchio televisivo television set. -
6 Marconi, Marchese Guglielmo
[br]b. 25 April 1874 Bologna, Italyd. 20 July 1937 Rome, Italy[br]Italian radio pioneer whose inventiveness and business skills made radio communication a practical proposition.[br]Marconi was educated in physics at Leghorn and at Bologna University. An avid experimenter, he worked in his parents' attic and, almost certainly aware of the recent work of Hertz and others, soon improved the performance of coherers and spark-gap transmitters. He also discovered for himself the use of earthing and of elevated metal plates as aerials. In 1895 he succeeded in transmitting telegraphy over a distance of 2 km (1¼ miles), but the Italian Telegraph authority rejected his invention, so in 1896 he moved to England, where he filed the first of many patents. There he gained the support of the Chief Engineer of the Post Office, and by the following year he had achieved communication across the Bristol Channel.The British Post Office was also slow to take up his work, so in 1897 he formed the Wireless Telegraph \& Signal Company to work independently. In 1898 he sold some equipment to the British Army for use in the Boer War and established the first permanent radio link from the Isle of Wight to the mainland. In 1899 he achieved communication across the English Channel (a distance of more than 31 miles or 50 km), the construction of a wireless station at Spezia, Italy, and the equipping of two US ships to report progress in the America's Cup yacht race, a venture that led to the formation of the American Marconi Company. In 1900 he won a contract from the British Admiralty to sell equipment and to train operators. Realizing that his business would be much more successful if he could offer his customers a complete radio-communication service (known today as a "turnkey" deal), he floated a new company, the Marconi International Marine Communications Company, while the old company became the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company.His greatest achievement occurred on 12 December 1901, when Morse telegraph signals from a transmitter at Poldhu in Cornwall were received at St John's, Newfoundland, a distance of some 2,100 miles (3,400 km), with the use of an aerial flown by a kite. As a result of this, Marconi's business prospered and he became internationally famous, receiving many honours for his endeavours, including the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1909. In 1904, radio was first used to provide a daily bulletin at sea, and in 1907 a transatlantic wireless telegraphy service was inaugurated. The rescue of 1,650 passengers from the shipwreck of SS Republic in 1909 was the first of many occasions when wireless was instrumental in saving lives at sea, most notable being those from the Titanic on its maiden voyage in April 1912; more lives would have been saved had there been sufficient lifeboats. Marconi was one of those who subsequently pressed for greater safety at sea. In 1910 he demonstrated the reception of long (8 km or 5 miles) waves from Ireland in Buenos Aires, but after the First World War he began to develop the use of short waves, which were more effectively reflected by the ionosphere. By 1918 the first link between England and Australia had been established, and in 1924 he was awarded a Post Office contract for short-wave communication between England and the various parts of the British Empire.With his achievements by then recognized by the Italian Government, in 1915 he was appointed Radio-Communications Adviser to the Italian armed forces, and in 1919 he was an Italian delegate to the Paris Peace Conference. From 1921 he lived on his yacht, the Elettra, and although he joined the Fascist Party in 1923, he later had reservations about Mussolini.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics (jointly with K.F. Braun) 1909. Russian Order of S t Anne. Commander of St Maurice and St Lazarus. Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (i.e. Knight) of Italy 1902. Freedom of Rome 1903. Honorary DSc Oxford. Honorary LLD Glasgow. Chevalier of the Civil Order of Savoy 1905. Royal Society of Arts Albert Medal. Honorary knighthood (GCVO) 1914. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal of Honour 1920. Chairman, Royal Society of Arts 1924. Created Marquis (Marchese) 1929. Nominated to the Italian Senate 1929. President, Italian Academy 1930. Rector, University of St Andrews, Scotland, 1934.Bibliography1896, "Improvements in transmitting electrical impulses and in apparatus thereof", British patent no. 12,039.1 June 1898, British patent no. 12,326 (transformer or "jigger" resonant circuit).1901, British patent no. 7,777 (selective tuning).1904, British patent no. 763,772 ("four circuit" tuning arrangement).Further ReadingD.Marconi, 1962, My Father, Marconi.W.J.Baker, 1970, A History of the Marconi Company, London: Methuen.KFBiographical history of technology > Marconi, Marchese Guglielmo
-
7 Radio
n, Dial. auch m; -s, -s radio; (Rundfunk) radio, broadcasting; Radio hören listen to the radio; im Radio on the radio; im Radio bringen oder übertragen broadcast (on the radio); das habe ich im Radio gehört I heard it on the radio; Radio Bremen Radio Bremen; siehe auch Rundfunk(...)* * *das Radio(Gerät) radio; radio set; wireless set;(Rundfunk) radio* * *Ra|dio ['raːdio] radio, wireless (esp Brit old); (= Station) radioRádio hören — to listen to the radio
etw aus dem Rádio erfahren — to hear sth on the radio
aus dem Rádio ertönte ein Beatles-Hit — a Beatles hit was playing on the radio
* * *das1) ((an apparatus for) the sending and receiving of human speech, music etc: a pocket radio; The concert is being broadcast on radio; I heard about it on the radio; ( also adjective) a radio programme, radio waves.) radio2) (an older word for (a) radio.) wireless* * *Ra·dio<-s, -s>[ˈra:di̯o]\Radio hören to listen to the radioim \Radio on the radio* * *Radios, Radios — radio
* * *Radio hören listen to the radio;im Radio on the radio;übertragen broadcast (on the radio);das habe ich im Radio gehört I heard it on the radio;* * *Radios, Radios — radio
* * *-s n.radio n.wireless (UK) n. -
8 беспроводной телеграф
рад. wireless telegraphThe very first apparatus for radio communication was called wireless telegraph or wireless telephone. — Самый первый аппарат для радиосвязи назывался беспроводным телеграфом или беспроводным телефоном.
Дополнительный универсальный русско-английский словарь > беспроводной телеграф
-
9 беспроводной телефон
рад. wireless telephoneThe very first apparatus for radio communication was called wireless telegraph or wireless telephone. — Самый первый аппарат для радиосвязи назывался беспроводным телеграфом или беспроводным телефоном.
Дополнительный универсальный русско-английский словарь > беспроводной телефон
-
10 Braun, Karl Ferdinand
[br]b. 6 June 1850 Fulda, Hesse, Germanyd. 20 April 1918 New York City, New York, USA[br]German physicist who shared with Marconi the 1909 Nobel Prize for Physics for developments in wireless telegraphy; inventor of the cathode ray oscilloscope.[br]After obtaining degrees from the universities of Marburg and Berlin (PhD) and spending a short time as Headmaster of the Thomas School in Berlin, Braun successively held professorships in theoretical physics at the universities of Marburg (1876), Strasbourg (1880) and Karlsruhe (1883) before becoming Professor of Experimental Physics at Tübingen in 1885 and Director and Professor of Physics at Strasbourg in 1895.During this time he devised experimental apparatus to determine the dielectric constant of rock salt and developed the Braun high-tension electrometer. He also discovered that certain mineral sulphide crystals would only conduct electricity in one direction, a rectification effect that made it possible to detect and demodulate radio signals in a more reliable manner than was possible with the coherer. Primarily, however, he was concerned with improving Marconi's radio transmitter to increase its broadcasting range. By using a transmitter circuit comprising a capacitor and a spark-gap, coupled to an aerial without a spark-gap, he was able to obtain much greater oscillatory currents in the latter, and by tuning the transmitter so that the oscillations occupied only a narrow frequency band he reduced the interference with other transmitters. Other achievements include the development of a directional aerial and the first practical wavemeter, and the measurement in Strasbourg of the strength of radio waves received from the Eiffel Tower transmitter in Paris. For all this work he subsequently shared with Marconi the 1909 Nobel Prize for Physics.Around 1895 he carried out experiments using a torsion balance in order to measure the universal gravitational constant, g, but the work for which he is probably best known is the addition of deflecting plates and a fluorescent screen to the Crooke's tube in 1897 in order to study the characteristics of high-frequency currents. The oscilloscope, as it was called, was not only the basis of a now widely used and highly versatile test instrument but was the forerunner of the cathode ray tube, or CRT, used for the display of radar and television images.At the beginning of the First World War, while in New York to testify in a patent suit, he was trapped by the entry of the USA into the war and remained in Brooklyn with his son until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics (jointly with Marconi) 1909.Bibliography1874, "Assymetrical conduction of certain metal sulphides", Pogg. Annal. 153:556 (provides an account of the discovery of the crystal rectifier).1897, "On a method for the demonstration and study of currents varying with time", Wiedemann's Annalen 60:552 (his description of the cathode ray oscilloscope as a measuring tool).Further ReadingK.Schlesinger \& E.G.Ramberg, 1962, "Beamdeflection and photo-devices", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers 50, 991.KF
См. также в других словарях:
Wireless energy transfer — or wireless power is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without artificial interconnecting conductors. Wireless transmission is useful in cases where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous,… … Wikipedia
Wireless — communication is the transfer of information over a distance without the use of electrical conductors or wires . [citeweb|title=Wireless Communication|url=http://www.sintef.no/content/page1 11881.aspx|publisher=sintef.no|accessdate=2008 03 16]… … Wikipedia
Wireless — Wire less, a. Having no wire; specif. (Elec.), designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, or other information transmisssion, in which the messages, data, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as, a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Wireless telegraph — Wireless Wire less, a. Having no wire; specif. (Elec.), designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, or other information transmisssion, in which the messages, data, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Wireless telegraphy — Wireless Wire less, a. Having no wire; specif. (Elec.), designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, or other information transmisssion, in which the messages, data, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Wireless telephone — Wireless Wire less, a. Having no wire; specif. (Elec.), designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, or other information transmisssion, in which the messages, data, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Wireless telephony — Wireless Wire less, a. Having no wire; specif. (Elec.), designating, or pertaining to, a method of telegraphy, telephony, or other information transmisssion, in which the messages, data, etc., are transmitted through space by electric waves; as,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Wireless telegraphy — The term Wireless Telegraphy is a historic term used today as applied to early radio telegraph communications techniques and practices. Wireless telegraphy originated as a term to describe electrical signaling without the electric wires to… … Wikipedia
Wireless local loop — WLL redirects here. Not to be confused with Weight Load Limit, the maximum weight that a given apparatus can bear Wireless local loop (WLL), is a term for the use of a wireless communications link as the last mile / first mile connection for… … Wikipedia
Wireless remote control switch — A Wireless remote control switch is an electric switch which is controlled by a radio or other signal and does not require an operator to touch the switch is known as a wireless remote control switch. The remote control device, if electrically… … Wikipedia
Invention of radio — Great Radio Controversy redirects here. For the album by the band Tesla, see The Great Radio Controversy. Contents 1 Physics of wireless signalling 2 Theory of electromagnetism … Wikipedia
